Add TrackBitrateEstimator and WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator

-------------
Created by MOE: https://github.com/google/moe
MOE_MIGRATED_REVID=220529628

library/core/src/main/java/com/google/android/exoplayer2/trackselection/TrackBitrateEstimator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.google.android.exoplayer2.trackselection;
+
+import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.Format;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.chunk.MediaChunk;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.chunk.MediaChunkIterator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** Estimates track bitrate values. */
+public interface TrackBitrateEstimator {
+
+  /**
+   * A {@link TrackBitrateEstimator} that returns the bitrate values defined in the track formats.
+   */
+  TrackBitrateEstimator DEFAULT =
+      (formats, queue, iterators, bitrates) ->
+          TrackSelectionUtil.getFormatBitrates(formats, bitrates);
+
+  /**
+   * Returns bitrate values for a set of tracks whose formats are given.
+   *
+   * @param formats The track formats.
+   * @param queue The queue of already buffered {@link MediaChunk} instances. Must not be modified.
+   * @param iterators An array of {@link MediaChunkIterator}s providing information about the
+   *     sequence of upcoming media chunks for each track.
+   * @param bitrates An array into which the bitrate values will be written. If non-null, this array
+   *     is the one that will be returned.
+   * @return Bitrate values for the tracks. As long as the format of a track has set bitrate, a
+   *     bitrate value is set in the returned array. Otherwise it might be set to {@link
+   *     Format#NO_VALUE}.
+   */
+  int[] getBitrates(
+      Format[] formats,
+      List<? extends MediaChunk> queue,
+      MediaChunkIterator[] iterators,
+      @Nullable int[] bitrates);
+}

library/core/src/main/java/com/google/android/exoplayer2/trackselection/TrackSelectionUtil.java

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  */
 package com.google.android.exoplayer2.trackselection;
 
+import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.support.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.google.android.exoplayer2.C;
 import com.google.android.exoplayer2.Format;
@@ -74,20 +75,25 @@ public final class TrackSelectionUtil {
    * @param formats The track formats.
    * @param maxDurationUs Maximum duration of chunks to be included in average bitrate values, in
    *     microseconds.
+   * @param bitrates If not null, stores bitrate values in this array.
    * @return Average bitrate values for the tracks. If for a track, an average bitrate or an
    *     estimation can't be calculated, {@link Format#NO_VALUE} is set.
    * @see #getAverageBitrate(MediaChunkIterator, long)
    */
   @VisibleForTesting
   /* package */ static int[] getBitratesUsingFutureInfo(
-      MediaChunkIterator[] iterators, Format[] formats, long maxDurationUs) {
+      MediaChunkIterator[] iterators,
+      Format[] formats,
+      long maxDurationUs,
+      @Nullable int[] bitrates) {
     int trackCount = iterators.length;
     Assertions.checkArgument(trackCount == formats.length);
     if (trackCount == 0) {
       return new int[0];
     }
-
+    if (bitrates == null) {
-    int[] bitrates = new int[trackCount];
+      bitrates = new int[trackCount];
+    }
     if (maxDurationUs == 0) {
       Arrays.fill(bitrates, Format.NO_VALUE);
       return bitrates;
@@ -127,15 +133,22 @@ public final class TrackSelectionUtil {
    * @param formats The track formats.
    * @param maxDurationUs Maximum duration of chunks to be included in average bitrate values, in
    *     microseconds.
+   * @param bitrates If not null, calculates bitrate values only for indexes set to Format.NO_VALUE
+   *     and stores result in this array.
    * @return Bitrate values for the tracks. If for a track, a bitrate value can't be calculated,
    *     {@link Format#NO_VALUE} is set.
-   * @see #getBitratesUsingFutureInfo(MediaChunkIterator[], Format[], long)
+   * @see #getBitratesUsingFutureInfo(MediaChunkIterator[], Format[], long, int[])
    */
   @VisibleForTesting
   /* package */ static int[] getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
-      List<? extends MediaChunk> queue, Format[] formats, long maxDurationUs) {
+      List<? extends MediaChunk> queue,
-    int[] bitrates = new int[formats.length];
+      Format[] formats,
-    Arrays.fill(bitrates, Format.NO_VALUE);
+      long maxDurationUs,
+      @Nullable int[] bitrates) {
+    if (bitrates == null) {
+      bitrates = new int[formats.length];
+      Arrays.fill(bitrates, Format.NO_VALUE);
+    }
     if (maxDurationUs == 0) {
       return bitrates;
     }
@@ -156,40 +169,58 @@ public final class TrackSelectionUtil {
    * Returns bitrate values for a set of tracks whose formats are given, using the given upcoming
    * media chunk iterators and the queue of already buffered {@link MediaChunk}s.
    *
+   * @param formats The track formats.
+   * @param queue The queue of already buffered {@link MediaChunk}s. Must not be modified.
+   * @param maxPastDurationUs Maximum duration of past chunks to be included in average bitrate
+   *     values, in microseconds.
    * @param iterators An array of {@link MediaChunkIterator}s providing information about the
    *     sequence of upcoming media chunks for each track.
-   * @param queue The queue of already buffered {@link MediaChunk}s. Must not be modified.
-   * @param formats The track formats.
    * @param maxFutureDurationUs Maximum duration of future chunks to be included in average bitrate
    *     values, in microseconds.
-   * @param maxPastDurationUs Maximum duration of past chunks to be included in average bitrate
-   *     values, in microseconds.
    * @param useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound Whether to return the estimated bitrate only if it's higher
    *     than the bitrate of the track's format.
-   * @return Bitrate values for the tracks. If for a track, a bitrate value can't be calculated,
+   * @param bitrates An array into which the bitrate values will be written. If non-null, this array
-   *     {@link Format#NO_VALUE} is set.
+   *     is the one that will be returned.
+   * @return Bitrate values for the tracks. As long as the format of a track has set bitrate, a
+   *     bitrate value is set in the returned array. Otherwise it might be set to {@link
+   *     Format#NO_VALUE}.
    */
   public static int[] getBitratesUsingPastAndFutureInfo(
-      MediaChunkIterator[] iterators,
-      List<? extends MediaChunk> queue,
       Format[] formats,
-      long maxFutureDurationUs,
+      List<? extends MediaChunk> queue,
       long maxPastDurationUs,
-      boolean useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound) {
+      MediaChunkIterator[] iterators,
-    int[] bitrates = getBitratesUsingFutureInfo(iterators, formats, maxFutureDurationUs);
+      long maxFutureDurationUs,
-    int[] bitratesUsingPastInfo = getBitratesUsingPastInfo(queue, formats, maxPastDurationUs);
+      boolean useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound,
+      @Nullable int[] bitrates) {
+    bitrates = getBitratesUsingFutureInfo(iterators, formats, maxFutureDurationUs, bitrates);
+    getBitratesUsingPastInfo(queue, formats, maxPastDurationUs, bitrates);
     for (int i = 0; i < bitrates.length; i++) {
       int bitrate = bitrates[i];
-      if (bitrate == Format.NO_VALUE) {
-        bitrate = bitratesUsingPastInfo[i];
-      }
       if (bitrate == Format.NO_VALUE
           || (useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound
               && formats[i].bitrate != Format.NO_VALUE
               && bitrate < formats[i].bitrate)) {
-        bitrate = formats[i].bitrate;
+        bitrates[i] = formats[i].bitrate;
       }
-      bitrates[i] = bitrate;
+    }
+    return bitrates;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns an array containing {@link Format#bitrate} values for given each format in order.
+   *
+   * @param formats The format array to copy {@link Format#bitrate} values.
+   * @param bitrates If not null, stores bitrate values in this array.
+   * @return An array containing {@link Format#bitrate} values for given each format in order.
+   */
+  public static int[] getFormatBitrates(Format[] formats, @Nullable int[] bitrates) {
+    int trackCount = formats.length;
+    if (bitrates == null) {
+      bitrates = new int[trackCount];
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < trackCount; i++) {
+      bitrates[i] = formats[i].bitrate;
     }
     return bitrates;
   }

library/core/src/main/java/com/google/android/exoplayer2/trackselection/WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.google.android.exoplayer2.trackselection;
+
+import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.Format;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.chunk.MediaChunk;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.chunk.MediaChunkIterator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** A {@link TrackBitrateEstimator} which derives estimates from a window of time. */
+public final class WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator implements TrackBitrateEstimator {
+
+  private final long maxFutureDurationUs;
+  private final long maxPastDurationUs;
+  private final boolean useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound;
+
+  /**
+   * @param maxFutureDurationUs Maximum duration of future chunks to be included in average bitrate
+   *     values, in microseconds.
+   * @param maxPastDurationUs Maximum duration of past chunks to be included in average bitrate
+   *     values, in microseconds.
+   * @param useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound Whether to return the estimated bitrate only if it's higher
+   *     than the bitrate of the track's format.
+   */
+  public WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator(
+      long maxFutureDurationUs, long maxPastDurationUs, boolean useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound) {
+    this.maxFutureDurationUs = maxFutureDurationUs;
+    this.maxPastDurationUs = maxPastDurationUs;
+    this.useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound = useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int[] getBitrates(
+      Format[] formats,
+      List<? extends MediaChunk> queue,
+      MediaChunkIterator[] iterators,
+      @Nullable int[] bitrates) {
+    if (maxFutureDurationUs > 0 || maxPastDurationUs > 0) {
+      return TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastAndFutureInfo(
+          formats,
+          queue,
+          maxPastDurationUs,
+          iterators,
+          maxFutureDurationUs,
+          useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound,
+          bitrates);
+    }
+    return TrackSelectionUtil.getFormatBitrates(formats, bitrates);
+  }
+}

library/core/src/test/java/com/google/android/exoplayer2/trackselection/TrackSelectionUtilTest.java

@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
 import android.net.Uri;
 import com.google.android.exoplayer2.C;
 import com.google.android.exoplayer2.Format;
-import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.chunk.BaseMediaChunkIterator;
 import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.chunk.MediaChunkIterator;
 import com.google.android.exoplayer2.testutil.FakeMediaChunk;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.testutil.FakeMediaChunkIterator;
 import com.google.android.exoplayer2.upstream.DataSpec;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
@@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
     long[] chunkTimeBoundariesSec = {12, 17};
     long[] chunkLengths = {10};
 
-    FakeIterator iterator = new FakeIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator =
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
 
     assertThat(TrackSelectionUtil.getAverageBitrate(iterator, MAX_DURATION_US)).isEqualTo(16);
   }
@@ -57,7 +58,8 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
     long[] chunkTimeBoundariesSec = {0, 5, 10};
     long[] chunkLengths = {10, 20};
 
-    FakeIterator iterator = new FakeIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator =
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
 
     assertThat(TrackSelectionUtil.getAverageBitrate(iterator, MAX_DURATION_US)).isEqualTo(24);
   }
@@ -67,7 +69,8 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
     long[] chunkTimeBoundariesSec = {0, 5, 15, 30};
     long[] chunkLengths = {10, 20, 30};
 
-    FakeIterator iterator = new FakeIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator =
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
 
     assertThat(TrackSelectionUtil.getAverageBitrate(iterator, MAX_DURATION_US)).isEqualTo(16);
   }
@@ -77,7 +80,8 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
     long[] chunkTimeBoundariesSec = {0, 5, 15, 30};
     long[] chunkLengths = {C.LENGTH_UNSET, 20, 30};
 
-    FakeIterator iterator = new FakeIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator =
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
 
     assertThat(TrackSelectionUtil.getAverageBitrate(iterator, MAX_DURATION_US))
         .isEqualTo(Format.NO_VALUE);
@@ -88,7 +92,8 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
     long[] chunkTimeBoundariesSec = {0, 5, 15, 30};
     long[] chunkLengths = {10, C.LENGTH_UNSET, 30};
 
-    FakeIterator iterator = new FakeIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator =
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
 
     assertThat(TrackSelectionUtil.getAverageBitrate(iterator, MAX_DURATION_US)).isEqualTo(16);
   }
@@ -98,7 +103,8 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
       getAverageBitrate_chunksExceedingMaxDuration_returnsAverageChunkBitrateUpToMaxDuration() {
     long[] chunkTimeBoundariesSec = {0, 5, 15, 45, 50};
     long[] chunkLengths = {10, 20, 30, 100};
-    FakeIterator iterator = new FakeIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator =
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
 
     long maxDurationUs = 30 * C.MICROS_PER_SECOND;
     int averageBitrate = TrackSelectionUtil.getAverageBitrate(iterator, maxDurationUs);
@@ -111,7 +117,8 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
     long[] chunkTimeBoundariesSec = {0, 5, 10};
     long[] chunkLengths = {10, 20};
 
-    FakeIterator iterator = new FakeIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator =
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(chunkTimeBoundariesSec, chunkLengths);
 
     assertThat(TrackSelectionUtil.getAverageBitrate(iterator, /* maxDurationUs= */ 0))
         .isEqualTo(Format.NO_VALUE);
@@ -121,7 +128,7 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
   public void getBitratesUsingFutureInfo_noIterator_returnsEmptyArray() {
     assertThat(
             TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingFutureInfo(
-                new MediaChunkIterator[0], new Format[0], MAX_DURATION_US))
+                new MediaChunkIterator[0], new Format[0], MAX_DURATION_US, /* bitrates= */ null))
         .hasLength(0);
   }
 
@@ -131,18 +138,19 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingFutureInfo(
             new MediaChunkIterator[] {MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY},
             new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(10)},
-            MAX_DURATION_US);
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(Format.NO_VALUE);
   }
 
   @Test
   public void getBitratesUsingFutureInfo_twoTracksZeroMaxDuration_returnsNoValue() {
-    FakeIterator iterator1 =
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator1 =
-        new FakeIterator(
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
             /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 10}, /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {10});
-    FakeIterator iterator2 =
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator2 =
-        new FakeIterator(
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
             /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 5, 15, 30},
             /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {10, 20, 30});
 
@@ -150,18 +158,19 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingFutureInfo(
             new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2},
             new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(10), createFormatWithBitrate(20)},
-            /* maxDurationUs= */ 0);
+            /* maxDurationUs= */ 0,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(Format.NO_VALUE, Format.NO_VALUE);
   }
 
   @Test
   public void getBitratesUsingFutureInfo_twoTracks_returnsBitrates() {
-    FakeIterator iterator1 =
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator1 =
-        new FakeIterator(
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
             /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 10}, /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {10});
-    FakeIterator iterator2 =
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator2 =
-        new FakeIterator(
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
             /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 5, 15, 30},
             /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {10, 20, 30});
 
@@ -169,25 +178,47 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingFutureInfo(
             new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2},
             new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(10), createFormatWithBitrate(20)},
-            MAX_DURATION_US);
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(8, 16).inOrder();
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void getBitratesUsingFutureInfo_bitratesArrayGiven_returnsTheSameArray() {
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator1 =
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
+            /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 10}, /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {10});
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator2 =
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
+            /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 5, 15, 30},
+            /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {10, 20, 30});
+
+    int[] bitratesArrayToUse = new int[2];
+    int[] bitrates =
+        TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingFutureInfo(
+            new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2},
+            new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(10), createFormatWithBitrate(20)},
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            bitratesArrayToUse);
+
+    assertThat(bitrates).isSameAs(bitratesArrayToUse);
+  }
+
   @Test
   public void getBitratesUsingFutureInfo_emptyIterator_returnsEstimationUsingClosest() {
-    FakeIterator iterator1 =
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator1 =
-        new FakeIterator(
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
             /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 5}, /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {10});
     Format format1 = createFormatWithBitrate(10);
     MediaChunkIterator iterator2 = MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY;
     Format format2 = createFormatWithBitrate(20);
-    FakeIterator iterator3 =
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator3 =
-        new FakeIterator(
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
             /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 5}, /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {50});
     Format format3 = createFormatWithBitrate(25);
-    FakeIterator iterator4 =
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator4 =
-        new FakeIterator(
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
             /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 5}, /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {20});
     Format format4 = createFormatWithBitrate(30);
 
@@ -195,15 +226,16 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingFutureInfo(
             new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2, iterator3, iterator4},
             new Format[] {format1, format2, format3, format4},
-            MAX_DURATION_US);
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(16, 64, 80, 32).inOrder();
   }
 
   @Test
   public void getBitratesUsingFutureInfo_formatWithoutBitrate_returnsNoValueForEmpty() {
-    FakeIterator iterator1 =
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator1 =
-        new FakeIterator(
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
             /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 5}, /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {10});
     Format format1 = createFormatWithBitrate(10);
     MediaChunkIterator iterator2 = MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY;
@@ -213,7 +245,8 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingFutureInfo(
             new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2},
             new Format[] {format1, format2},
-            MAX_DURATION_US);
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(16, Format.NO_VALUE).inOrder();
   }
@@ -229,7 +262,7 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
 
     int[] bitrates =
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
-            Collections.singletonList(chunk), new Format[0], MAX_DURATION_US);
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk), new Format[0], MAX_DURATION_US, /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).hasLength(0);
   }
@@ -238,7 +271,10 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
   public void getBitratesUsingPastInfo_emptyQueue_returnsNoValue() {
     int[] bitrates =
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
-            Collections.emptyList(), new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(10)}, MAX_DURATION_US);
+            Collections.emptyList(),
+            new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(10)},
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(Format.NO_VALUE);
   }
@@ -251,7 +287,10 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
 
     int[] bitrates =
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
-            Collections.singletonList(chunk), new Format[] {format}, MAX_DURATION_US);
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
+            new Format[] {format},
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(Format.NO_VALUE);
   }
@@ -265,7 +304,10 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
 
     int[] bitrates =
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
-            Collections.singletonList(chunk), new Format[] {format}, MAX_DURATION_US);
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
+            new Format[] {format},
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(Format.NO_VALUE);
   }
@@ -278,7 +320,10 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
 
     int[] bitrates =
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
-            Collections.singletonList(chunk), new Format[] {format}, MAX_DURATION_US);
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
+            new Format[] {format},
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(8).inOrder();
   }
@@ -291,7 +336,10 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
 
     int[] bitrates =
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
-            Collections.singletonList(chunk), new Format[] {format}, /* maxDurationUs= */ 0);
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
+            new Format[] {format},
+            /* maxDurationUs= */ 0,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(Format.NO_VALUE).inOrder();
   }
@@ -306,7 +354,10 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
 
     int[] bitrates =
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
-            Arrays.asList(chunk, chunk2), new Format[] {format}, MAX_DURATION_US);
+            Arrays.asList(chunk, chunk2),
+            new Format[] {format},
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(12).inOrder();
   }
@@ -324,7 +375,8 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
             Collections.singletonList(chunk),
             new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(20)},
-            MAX_DURATION_US);
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(16).inOrder();
   }
@@ -342,7 +394,8 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
             Collections.singletonList(chunk),
             new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(Format.NO_VALUE)},
-            MAX_DURATION_US);
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(Format.NO_VALUE);
   }
@@ -360,11 +413,32 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
             Collections.singletonList(chunk),
             new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(20), createFormatWithBitrate(30)},
-            MAX_DURATION_US);
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(16, 24).inOrder();
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void getBitratesUsingPastInfo_bitratesArrayGiven_returnsTheSameArray() {
+    FakeMediaChunk chunk =
+        createChunk(
+            createFormatWithBitrate(10),
+            /* length= */ 10,
+            /* startTimeSec= */ 0,
+            /* endTimeSec= */ 10);
+
+    int[] bitratesArrayToUse = new int[2];
+    int[] bitrates =
+        TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
+            new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(20), createFormatWithBitrate(30)},
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            bitratesArrayToUse);
+
+    assertThat(bitrates).isSameAs(bitratesArrayToUse);
+  }
+
   @Test
   public void
       getBitratesUsingPastInfo_multipleChunkExceedingMaxDuration_returnsAverageUntilMaxDuration() {
@@ -378,7 +452,8 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
             Arrays.asList(chunk, chunk2),
             new Format[] {format},
-            /* maxDurationUs= */ 30 * C.MICROS_PER_SECOND);
+            /* maxDurationUs= */ 30 * C.MICROS_PER_SECOND,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(12).inOrder();
   }
@@ -403,29 +478,31 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastInfo(
             Arrays.asList(chunk, chunk2),
             new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(10)},
-            MAX_DURATION_US);
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(16).inOrder();
   }
 
   @Test
   public void getBitratesUsingPastAndFutureInfo_noPastInfo_returnsBitratesUsingOnlyFutureInfo() {
-    FakeIterator iterator1 =
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator1 =
-        new FakeIterator(
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
             /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 10}, /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {10});
-    FakeIterator iterator2 =
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator2 =
-        new FakeIterator(
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
             /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 5, 15, 30},
             /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {10, 20, 30});
 
     int[] bitrates =
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastAndFutureInfo(
-            new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2},
-            Collections.emptyList(),
             new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(10), createFormatWithBitrate(20)},
+            Collections.emptyList(),
             MAX_DURATION_US,
+            new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2},
             MAX_DURATION_US,
-            /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ false);
+            /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ false,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(8, 16).inOrder();
   }
@@ -441,12 +518,13 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
 
     int[] bitrates =
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastAndFutureInfo(
-            new MediaChunkIterator[] {MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY, MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY},
-            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
             new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(20), createFormatWithBitrate(30)},
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
             MAX_DURATION_US,
+            new MediaChunkIterator[] {MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY, MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY},
             MAX_DURATION_US,
-            /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ false);
+            /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ false,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(16, 24).inOrder();
   }
@@ -460,22 +538,23 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
             /* length= */ 10,
             /* startTimeSec= */ 0,
             /* endTimeSec= */ 10);
-    FakeIterator iterator1 =
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator1 =
-        new FakeIterator(
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
             /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 10}, /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {10});
-    FakeIterator iterator2 =
+    FakeMediaChunkIterator iterator2 =
-        new FakeIterator(
+        new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
             /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 5, 15, 30},
             /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {10, 20, 30});
 
     int[] bitrates =
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastAndFutureInfo(
-            new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2},
-            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
             new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(10), createFormatWithBitrate(20)},
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
             MAX_DURATION_US,
+            new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2},
             MAX_DURATION_US,
-            /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ false);
+            /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ false,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(8, 16).inOrder();
   }
@@ -484,12 +563,13 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
   public void getBitratesUsingPastAndFutureInfo_noPastAndFutureInfo_returnsBitratesOfFormats() {
     int[] bitrates =
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastAndFutureInfo(
-            new MediaChunkIterator[] {MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY, MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY},
-            Collections.emptyList(),
             new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(10), createFormatWithBitrate(20)},
+            Collections.emptyList(),
             MAX_DURATION_US,
+            new MediaChunkIterator[] {MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY, MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY},
             MAX_DURATION_US,
-            /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ false);
+            /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ false,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(10, 20).inOrder();
   }
@@ -506,58 +586,32 @@ public class TrackSelectionUtilTest {
 
     int[] bitrates =
         TrackSelectionUtil.getBitratesUsingPastAndFutureInfo(
-            new MediaChunkIterator[] {MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY, MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY},
-            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
             new Format[] {createFormatWithBitrate(20), createFormatWithBitrate(30)},
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
             MAX_DURATION_US,
+            new MediaChunkIterator[] {MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY, MediaChunkIterator.EMPTY},
             MAX_DURATION_US,
-            /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ true);
+            /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ true,
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
 
     assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(20, 30).inOrder();
   }
 
   private static FakeMediaChunk createChunk(
       Format format, int length, int startTimeSec, int endTimeSec) {
-    DataSpec dataSpec = new DataSpec(Uri.EMPTY, 0, length, null, 0);
+    DataSpec dataSpec =
+        new DataSpec(
+            Uri.EMPTY, /* absoluteStreamPosition= */ 0, length, /* key= */ null, /* flags= */ 0);
     return new FakeMediaChunk(
         dataSpec, format, startTimeSec * C.MICROS_PER_SECOND, endTimeSec * C.MICROS_PER_SECOND);
   }
 
   private static Format createFormatWithBitrate(int bitrate) {
-    return Format.createSampleFormat(null, null, null, bitrate, null);
+    return Format.createSampleFormat(
-  }
+        /* id= */ null,
-
+        /* sampleMimeType= */ null,
-  private static final class FakeIterator extends BaseMediaChunkIterator {
+        /* codecs= */ null,
-
+        bitrate,
-    private final long[] chunkTimeBoundariesSec;
+        /* drmInitData= */ null);
-    private final long[] chunkLengths;
-
-    public FakeIterator(long[] chunkTimeBoundariesSec, long[] chunkLengths) {
-      super(/* fromIndex= */ 0, /* toIndex= */ chunkTimeBoundariesSec.length - 2);
-      this.chunkTimeBoundariesSec = chunkTimeBoundariesSec;
-      this.chunkLengths = chunkLengths;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public DataSpec getDataSpec() {
-      checkInBounds();
-      return new DataSpec(
-          Uri.EMPTY,
-          /* absoluteStreamPosition= */ 0,
-          chunkLengths[(int) getCurrentIndex()],
-          /* key= */ null);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public long getChunkStartTimeUs() {
-      checkInBounds();
-      return chunkTimeBoundariesSec[(int) getCurrentIndex()] * C.MICROS_PER_SECOND;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public long getChunkEndTimeUs() {
-      checkInBounds();
-      return chunkTimeBoundariesSec[(int) getCurrentIndex() + 1] * C.MICROS_PER_SECOND;
-    }
   }
 }

library/core/src/test/java/com/google/android/exoplayer2/trackselection/WindowedTrackBitrateEstimatorTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.google.android.exoplayer2.trackselection;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import android.net.Uri;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.C;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.Format;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.chunk.MediaChunk;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.chunk.MediaChunkIterator;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.testutil.FakeMediaChunk;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.testutil.FakeMediaChunkIterator;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.upstream.DataSpec;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner;
+
+/** {@link WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator} tests. */
+@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
+public class WindowedTrackBitrateEstimatorTest {
+
+  private static final long MAX_DURATION_US = 30 * C.MICROS_PER_SECOND;
+
+  @Test
+  public void getBitrates_zeroMaxDuration_returnsFormatBitrates() {
+    WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator estimator =
+        new WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator(
+            /* maxFutureDurationUs= */ 0,
+            /* maxPastDurationUs= */ 0,
+            /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ false);
+    MediaChunk chunk = createMediaChunk(/* formatBitrate= */ 5, /* actualBitrate= */ 10);
+    MediaChunkIterator iterator1 = createMediaChunkIteratorWithBitrate(8);
+    MediaChunkIterator iterator2 = createMediaChunkIteratorWithBitrate(16);
+    Format format1 = createFormatWithBitrate(10);
+    Format format2 = createFormatWithBitrate(20);
+
+    int[] bitrates =
+        estimator.getBitrates(
+            new Format[] {format1, format2},
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
+            new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2},
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
+
+    assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(10, 20).inOrder();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void getBitrates_futureMaxDurationSet_returnsEstimateUsingFutureChunks() {
+    WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator estimator =
+        new WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator(
+            MAX_DURATION_US, /* maxPastDurationUs= */ 0, /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ false);
+    MediaChunk chunk = createMediaChunk(/* formatBitrate= */ 5, /* actualBitrate= */ 10);
+    MediaChunkIterator iterator1 = createMediaChunkIteratorWithBitrate(8);
+    MediaChunkIterator iterator2 = createMediaChunkIteratorWithBitrate(16);
+    Format format1 = createFormatWithBitrate(10);
+    Format format2 = createFormatWithBitrate(20);
+
+    int[] bitrates =
+        estimator.getBitrates(
+            new Format[] {format1, format2},
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
+            new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2},
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
+
+    assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(8, 16).inOrder();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void getBitrates_pastMaxDurationSet_returnsEstimateUsingPastChunks() {
+    WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator estimator =
+        new WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator(
+            /* maxFutureDurationUs= */ 0,
+            MAX_DURATION_US,
+            /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ false);
+    MediaChunk chunk = createMediaChunk(/* formatBitrate= */ 5, /* actualBitrate= */ 10);
+    MediaChunkIterator iterator1 = createMediaChunkIteratorWithBitrate(8);
+    MediaChunkIterator iterator2 = createMediaChunkIteratorWithBitrate(16);
+    Format format1 = createFormatWithBitrate(10);
+    Format format2 = createFormatWithBitrate(20);
+
+    int[] bitrates =
+        estimator.getBitrates(
+            new Format[] {format1, format2},
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
+            new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2},
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
+
+    assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(16, 32).inOrder();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void
+      getBitrates_useFormatBitrateAsLowerBoundSetTrue_returnsEstimateIfOnlyHigherThanFormat() {
+    WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator estimator =
+        new WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator(
+            MAX_DURATION_US, MAX_DURATION_US, /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ true);
+    MediaChunk chunk = createMediaChunk(/* formatBitrate= */ 5, /* actualBitrate= */ 10);
+    MediaChunkIterator iterator1 = createMediaChunkIteratorWithBitrate(80);
+    MediaChunkIterator iterator2 = createMediaChunkIteratorWithBitrate(16);
+    Format format1 = createFormatWithBitrate(10);
+    Format format2 = createFormatWithBitrate(20);
+
+    int[] bitrates =
+        estimator.getBitrates(
+            new Format[] {format1, format2},
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
+            new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2},
+            /* bitrates= */ null);
+
+    assertThat(bitrates).asList().containsExactly(80, 20).inOrder();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void getBitrates_bitratesArrayGiven_returnsTheSameArray() {
+    WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator estimator =
+        new WindowedTrackBitrateEstimator(
+            MAX_DURATION_US, MAX_DURATION_US, /* useFormatBitrateAsLowerBound= */ true);
+    MediaChunk chunk = createMediaChunk(/* formatBitrate= */ 5, /* actualBitrate= */ 10);
+    MediaChunkIterator iterator1 = createMediaChunkIteratorWithBitrate(8);
+    MediaChunkIterator iterator2 = createMediaChunkIteratorWithBitrate(16);
+    Format format1 = createFormatWithBitrate(10);
+    Format format2 = createFormatWithBitrate(20);
+
+    int[] bitratesArrayToUse = new int[2];
+    int[] bitrates =
+        estimator.getBitrates(
+            new Format[] {format1, format2},
+            Collections.singletonList(chunk),
+            new MediaChunkIterator[] {iterator1, iterator2},
+            bitratesArrayToUse);
+
+    assertThat(bitrates).isSameAs(bitratesArrayToUse);
+  }
+
+  private static MediaChunk createMediaChunk(int formatBitrate, int actualBitrate) {
+    int length = actualBitrate / C.BITS_PER_BYTE;
+    DataSpec dataSpec =
+        new DataSpec(
+            Uri.EMPTY, /* absoluteStreamPosition= */ 0, length, /* key= */ null, /* flags= */ 0);
+    Format format = createFormatWithBitrate(formatBitrate);
+    return new FakeMediaChunk(
+        dataSpec, format, /* startTimeUs= */ 0L, /* endTimeUs= */ C.MICROS_PER_SECOND);
+  }
+
+  private static Format createFormatWithBitrate(int bitrate) {
+    return Format.createSampleFormat(
+        /* id= */ null,
+        /* sampleMimeType= */ null,
+        /* codecs= */ null,
+        bitrate,
+        /* drmInitData= */ null);
+  }
+
+  private static MediaChunkIterator createMediaChunkIteratorWithBitrate(int bitrate) {
+    return new FakeMediaChunkIterator(
+        /* chunkTimeBoundariesSec= */ new long[] {0, 1},
+        /* chunkLengths= */ new long[] {bitrate / C.BITS_PER_BYTE});
+  }
+}

testutils_robolectric/src/main/java/com/google/android/exoplayer2/testutil/FakeMediaChunkIterator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.google.android.exoplayer2.testutil;
+
+import android.net.Uri;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.C;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.chunk.BaseMediaChunkIterator;
+import com.google.android.exoplayer2.upstream.DataSpec;
+
+/** Fake {@link com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.chunk.MediaChunkIterator}. */
+public final class FakeMediaChunkIterator extends BaseMediaChunkIterator {
+
+  private final long[] chunkTimeBoundariesSec;
+  private final long[] chunkLengths;
+
+  /**
+   * Creates a fake {@link com.google.android.exoplayer2.source.chunk.MediaChunkIterator}.
+   *
+   * @param chunkTimeBoundariesSec An array containing the time boundaries where one chunk ends and
+   *     the next one starts. The first value is the start time of the first chunk and the last
+   *     value is the end time of the last chunk. The array should be of length (chunk-count + 1).
+   * @param chunkLengths An array which contains the length of each chunk, should be of length
+   *     (chunk-count).
+   */
+  public FakeMediaChunkIterator(long[] chunkTimeBoundariesSec, long[] chunkLengths) {
+    super(/* fromIndex= */ 0, /* toIndex= */ chunkTimeBoundariesSec.length - 2);
+    this.chunkTimeBoundariesSec = chunkTimeBoundariesSec;
+    this.chunkLengths = chunkLengths;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public DataSpec getDataSpec() {
+    checkInBounds();
+    return new DataSpec(
+        Uri.EMPTY,
+        /* absoluteStreamPosition= */ 0,
+        chunkLengths[(int) getCurrentIndex()],
+        /* key= */ null);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public long getChunkStartTimeUs() {
+    checkInBounds();
+    return chunkTimeBoundariesSec[(int) getCurrentIndex()] * C.MICROS_PER_SECOND;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public long getChunkEndTimeUs() {
+    checkInBounds();
+    return chunkTimeBoundariesSec[(int) getCurrentIndex() + 1] * C.MICROS_PER_SECOND;
+  }
+}