diff --git a/libraries/common/src/main/java/androidx/media3/common/VideoFrameProcessor.java b/libraries/common/src/main/java/androidx/media3/common/VideoFrameProcessor.java
index f544ebf064..a6157ce66f 100644
--- a/libraries/common/src/main/java/androidx/media3/common/VideoFrameProcessor.java
+++ b/libraries/common/src/main/java/androidx/media3/common/VideoFrameProcessor.java
@@ -15,12 +15,19 @@
  */
 package androidx.media3.common;
 
+import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.TYPE_USE;
+
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.graphics.Bitmap;
 import android.opengl.EGLExt;
 import android.view.Surface;
+import androidx.annotation.IntDef;
 import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 import androidx.media3.common.util.UnstableApi;
+import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
 
@@ -39,6 +46,24 @@ import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
 @UnstableApi
 public interface VideoFrameProcessor {
   // TODO(b/243036513): Allow effects to be replaced.
+  /**
+   * Specifies how the input frames are made available to the {@link VideoFrameProcessor}. One of
+   * {@link #INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE}, {@link #INPUT_TYPE_BITMAP} or {@link #INPUT_TYPE_TEXID}.
+   */
+  @Documented
+  @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+  @Target(TYPE_USE)
+  @IntDef({INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE, INPUT_TYPE_BITMAP, INPUT_TYPE_TEXID})
+  public @interface InputType {}
+  /** Input frames come from a {@link #getInputSurface surface}. */
+  public static final int INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE = 1;
+  /** Input frames come from a {@link Bitmap}. */
+  public static final int INPUT_TYPE_BITMAP = 2;
+  /**
+   * Input frames come from a {@linkplain android.opengl.GLES10#GL_TEXTURE_2D traditional GLES
+   * texture}.
+   */
+  public static final int INPUT_TYPE_TEXID = 3;
 
   /** A factory for {@link VideoFrameProcessor} instances. */
   interface Factory {
@@ -53,10 +78,7 @@ public interface VideoFrameProcessor {
      * @param debugViewProvider A {@link DebugViewProvider}.
      * @param inputColorInfo The {@link ColorInfo} for input frames.
      * @param outputColorInfo The {@link ColorInfo} for output frames.
-     * @param isInputTextureExternal Whether the input frames are produced externally (e.g. from a
-     *     video) or not (e.g. from a {@link Bitmap}). See <a
-     *     href="https://source.android.com/docs/core/graphics/arch-st#ext_texture">the
-     *     SurfaceTexture docs</a> for more information on external textures.
+     * @param inputType The {@link InputType}.
      * @param releaseFramesAutomatically If {@code true}, the instance will render output frames to
      *     the {@linkplain #setOutputSurfaceInfo(SurfaceInfo) output surface} automatically as
      *     {@link VideoFrameProcessor} is done processing them. If {@code false}, the {@link
@@ -74,7 +96,7 @@ public interface VideoFrameProcessor {
         DebugViewProvider debugViewProvider,
         ColorInfo inputColorInfo,
         ColorInfo outputColorInfo,
-        boolean isInputTextureExternal,
+        @InputType int inputType,
         boolean releaseFramesAutomatically,
         Executor executor,
         Listener listener)
@@ -129,10 +151,10 @@ public interface VideoFrameProcessor {
   long DROP_OUTPUT_FRAME = -2;
 
   /**
-   * Provides an input {@link Bitmap} to the {@code VideoFrameProcessor}.
+   * Provides an input {@link Bitmap} to the {@link VideoFrameProcessor}.
    *
-   * <p>This method should only be used for when the {@code VideoFrameProcessor}'s {@code
-   * isInputTextureExternal} parameter is set to {@code false}.
+   * <p>This method must only be called when the {@link VideoFrameProcessor} is {@linkplain
+   * Factory#create created} with {@link #INPUT_TYPE_BITMAP}.
    *
    * <p>Can be called on any thread.
    *
@@ -146,11 +168,11 @@ public interface VideoFrameProcessor {
   void queueInputBitmap(Bitmap inputBitmap, long durationUs, float frameRate);
 
   /**
-   * Returns the input {@link Surface}, where {@code VideoFrameProcessor} consumes input frames
+   * Returns the input {@link Surface}, where {@link VideoFrameProcessor} consumes input frames
    * from.
    *
-   * <p>This method should only be used for when the {@code VideoFrameProcessor}'s {@code
-   * isInputTextureExternal} parameter is set to {@code true}.
+   * <p>This method must only be called when the {@link VideoFrameProcessor} is {@linkplain
+   * Factory#create created} with {@link #INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE}.
    *
    * <p>Can be called on any thread.
    */
@@ -175,8 +197,8 @@ public interface VideoFrameProcessor {
    *
    * <p>Must be called before rendering a frame to the input surface.
    *
-   * <p>This method should only be used for when the {@code VideoFrameProcessor}'s {@code
-   * isInputTextureExternal} parameter is set to {@code true}.
+   * <p>This method must only be called when the {@link VideoFrameProcessor} is {@linkplain
+   * Factory#create created} with {@link #INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE}.
    *
    * <p>Can be called on any thread.
    *
@@ -189,8 +211,8 @@ public interface VideoFrameProcessor {
    * Returns the number of input frames that have been {@linkplain #registerInputFrame() registered}
    * but not processed off the {@linkplain #getInputSurface() input surface} yet.
    *
-   * <p>This method should only be used for when the {@code VideoFrameProcessor}'s {@code
-   * isInputTextureExternal} parameter is set to {@code true}.
+   * <p>This method must only be called when the {@link VideoFrameProcessor} is {@linkplain
+   * Factory#create created} with {@link #INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE}.
    *
    * <p>Can be called on any thread.
    */
@@ -249,8 +271,8 @@ public interface VideoFrameProcessor {
    * <p>All the frames that are {@linkplain #registerInputFrame() registered} prior to calling this
    * method are no longer considered to be registered when this method returns.
    *
-   * <p>This method should only be used for when the {@code VideoFrameProcessor}'s {@code
-   * isInputTextureExternal} parameter is set to {@code true}.
+   * <p>This method must only be called when the {@link VideoFrameProcessor} is {@linkplain
+   * Factory#create created} with {@link #INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE}.
    *
    * <p>{@link Listener} methods invoked prior to calling this method should be ignored.
    */
diff --git a/libraries/effect/src/androidTest/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessorImageFrameOutputTest.java b/libraries/effect/src/androidTest/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessorImageFrameOutputTest.java
index f527da2d45..718ec4b6b6 100644
--- a/libraries/effect/src/androidTest/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessorImageFrameOutputTest.java
+++ b/libraries/effect/src/androidTest/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessorImageFrameOutputTest.java
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  */
 package androidx.media3.effect;
 
+import static androidx.media3.common.VideoFrameProcessor.INPUT_TYPE_BITMAP;
 import static androidx.media3.common.util.Assertions.checkNotNull;
 import static androidx.media3.test.utils.BitmapPixelTestUtil.readBitmap;
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
@@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ public class DefaultVideoFrameProcessorImageFrameOutputTest {
     return new VideoFrameProcessorTestRunner.Builder()
         .setTestId(testId)
         .setVideoFrameProcessorFactory(new DefaultVideoFrameProcessor.Factory.Builder().build())
-        .setIsInputTextureExternal(false)
+        .setInputType(INPUT_TYPE_BITMAP)
         .setOnOutputFrameAvailableListener(
             unused -> checkNotNull(framesProduced).incrementAndGet());
   }
diff --git a/libraries/effect/src/androidTest/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessorPixelTest.java b/libraries/effect/src/androidTest/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessorPixelTest.java
index ade54bd5ec..b98f93deb1 100644
--- a/libraries/effect/src/androidTest/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessorPixelTest.java
+++ b/libraries/effect/src/androidTest/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessorPixelTest.java
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  */
 package androidx.media3.effect;
 
+import static androidx.media3.common.VideoFrameProcessor.INPUT_TYPE_BITMAP;
 import static androidx.media3.common.util.Assertions.checkNotNull;
 import static androidx.media3.common.util.Assertions.checkStateNotNull;
 import static androidx.media3.test.utils.BitmapPixelTestUtil.MAXIMUM_AVERAGE_PIXEL_ABSOLUTE_DIFFERENCE;
@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessorPixelTest {
   public void noEffects_withImageInput_matchesGoldenFile() throws Exception {
     String testId = "noEffects_withImageInput_matchesGoldenFile";
     videoFrameProcessorTestRunner =
-        getDefaultFrameProcessorTestRunnerBuilder(testId).setIsInputTextureExternal(false).build();
+        getDefaultFrameProcessorTestRunnerBuilder(testId).setInputType(INPUT_TYPE_BITMAP).build();
     Bitmap originalBitmap = readBitmap(IMAGE_PNG_ASSET_PATH);
     Bitmap expectedBitmap = readBitmap(IMAGE_TO_VIDEO_PNG_ASSET_PATH);
 
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessorPixelTest {
     String testId = "wrappedCrop_withImageInput_matchesGoldenFile";
     videoFrameProcessorTestRunner =
         getDefaultFrameProcessorTestRunnerBuilder(testId)
-            .setIsInputTextureExternal(false)
+            .setInputType(INPUT_TYPE_BITMAP)
             .setEffects(
                 new GlEffectWrapper(
                     new Crop(
diff --git a/libraries/effect/src/androidTest/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessorVideoFrameReleaseTest.java b/libraries/effect/src/androidTest/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessorVideoFrameReleaseTest.java
index 66b6d39de0..1c9443e281 100644
--- a/libraries/effect/src/androidTest/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessorVideoFrameReleaseTest.java
+++ b/libraries/effect/src/androidTest/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessorVideoFrameReleaseTest.java
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  */
 package androidx.media3.effect;
 
+import static androidx.media3.common.VideoFrameProcessor.INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE;
 import static androidx.media3.common.util.Assertions.checkNotNull;
 import static androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext;
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
@@ -300,7 +301,7 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessorVideoFrameReleaseTest {
                     DebugViewProvider.NONE,
                     /* inputColorInfo= */ ColorInfo.SDR_BT709_LIMITED,
                     /* outputColorInfo= */ ColorInfo.SDR_BT709_LIMITED,
-                    /* isInputTextureExternal= */ true,
+                    INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE,
                     releaseFramesAutomatically,
                     MoreExecutors.directExecutor(),
                     new VideoFrameProcessor.Listener() {
diff --git a/libraries/effect/src/main/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessor.java b/libraries/effect/src/main/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessor.java
index 979c69bf69..1b4a5918d6 100644
--- a/libraries/effect/src/main/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessor.java
+++ b/libraries/effect/src/main/java/androidx/media3/effect/DefaultVideoFrameProcessor.java
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessor implements VideoFrameProcessor {
         DebugViewProvider debugViewProvider,
         ColorInfo inputColorInfo,
         ColorInfo outputColorInfo,
-        boolean isInputTextureExternal,
+        @InputType int inputType,
         boolean releaseFramesAutomatically,
         Executor listenerExecutor,
         Listener listener)
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessor implements VideoFrameProcessor {
                       inputColorInfo,
                       outputColorInfo,
                       enableColorTransfers,
-                      isInputTextureExternal,
+                      inputType,
                       releaseFramesAutomatically,
                       singleThreadExecutorService,
                       listenerExecutor,
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessor implements VideoFrameProcessor {
   private DefaultVideoFrameProcessor(
       EGLDisplay eglDisplay,
       EGLContext eglContext,
-      boolean isInputTextureExternal,
+      @InputType int inputType,
       VideoFrameProcessingTaskExecutor videoFrameProcessingTaskExecutor,
       ImmutableList<GlShaderProgram> shaderPrograms,
       boolean releaseFramesAutomatically)
@@ -275,16 +275,22 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessor implements VideoFrameProcessor {
 
     GlShaderProgram inputShaderProgram = shaderPrograms.get(0);
 
-    if (isInputTextureExternal) {
-      checkState(inputShaderProgram instanceof ExternalShaderProgram);
-      inputExternalTextureManager =
-          new ExternalTextureManager(
-              (ExternalShaderProgram) inputShaderProgram, videoFrameProcessingTaskExecutor);
-      inputShaderProgram.setInputListener(inputExternalTextureManager);
-    } else {
-      inputBitmapTextureManager =
-          new BitmapTextureManager(inputShaderProgram, videoFrameProcessingTaskExecutor);
-      inputShaderProgram.setInputListener(inputBitmapTextureManager);
+    switch (inputType) {
+      case VideoFrameProcessor.INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE:
+        checkState(inputShaderProgram instanceof ExternalShaderProgram);
+        inputExternalTextureManager =
+            new ExternalTextureManager(
+                (ExternalShaderProgram) inputShaderProgram, videoFrameProcessingTaskExecutor);
+        inputShaderProgram.setInputListener(inputExternalTextureManager);
+        break;
+      case VideoFrameProcessor.INPUT_TYPE_BITMAP:
+        inputBitmapTextureManager =
+            new BitmapTextureManager(inputShaderProgram, videoFrameProcessingTaskExecutor);
+        inputShaderProgram.setInputListener(inputBitmapTextureManager);
+        break;
+      case VideoFrameProcessor.INPUT_TYPE_TEXID: // fall through
+      default:
+        throw new VideoFrameProcessingException("Input type not supported yet");
     }
 
     finalShaderProgramWrapper = (FinalShaderProgramWrapper) getLast(shaderPrograms);
@@ -306,8 +312,8 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessor implements VideoFrameProcessor {
    * call this method after instantiation to ensure that buffers are handled at full resolution. See
    * {@link SurfaceTexture#setDefaultBufferSize(int, int)} for more information.
    *
-   * <p>This method should only be used for when the {@link VideoFrameProcessor}'s {@code
-   * isInputTextureExternal} parameter is set to {@code true}.
+   * <p>This method must only be called when the {@link VideoFrameProcessor} is {@linkplain
+   * Factory#create created} with {@link #INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE}.
    *
    * @param width The default width for input buffers, in pixels.
    * @param height The default height for input buffers, in pixels.
@@ -443,7 +449,7 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessor implements VideoFrameProcessor {
       ColorInfo inputColorInfo,
       ColorInfo outputColorInfo,
       boolean enableColorTransfers,
-      boolean isInputTextureExternal,
+      @InputType int inputType,
       boolean releaseFramesAutomatically,
       ExecutorService singleThreadExecutorService,
       Executor executor,
@@ -487,7 +493,7 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessor implements VideoFrameProcessor {
             inputColorInfo,
             outputColorInfo,
             enableColorTransfers,
-            isInputTextureExternal,
+            inputType,
             releaseFramesAutomatically,
             executor,
             listener,
@@ -502,7 +508,7 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessor implements VideoFrameProcessor {
     return new DefaultVideoFrameProcessor(
         eglDisplay,
         eglContext,
-        isInputTextureExternal,
+        inputType,
         videoFrameProcessingTaskExecutor,
         shaderPrograms,
         releaseFramesAutomatically);
@@ -528,7 +534,7 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessor implements VideoFrameProcessor {
       ColorInfo inputColorInfo,
       ColorInfo outputColorInfo,
       boolean enableColorTransfers,
-      boolean isInputTextureExternal,
+      @InputType int inputType,
       boolean releaseFramesAutomatically,
       Executor executor,
       Listener listener,
@@ -570,7 +576,7 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessor implements VideoFrameProcessor {
       if (!matrixTransformations.isEmpty() || !rgbMatrices.isEmpty() || sampleFromInputTexture) {
         DefaultShaderProgram defaultShaderProgram;
         if (sampleFromInputTexture) {
-          if (isInputTextureExternal) {
+          if (inputType == INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE) {
             defaultShaderProgram =
                 DefaultShaderProgram.createWithExternalSampler(
                     context,
@@ -614,7 +620,7 @@ public final class DefaultVideoFrameProcessor implements VideoFrameProcessor {
             outputColorInfo,
             enableColorTransfers,
             sampleFromInputTexture,
-            isInputTextureExternal,
+            inputType,
             releaseFramesAutomatically,
             executor,
             listener,
diff --git a/libraries/effect/src/main/java/androidx/media3/effect/FinalShaderProgramWrapper.java b/libraries/effect/src/main/java/androidx/media3/effect/FinalShaderProgramWrapper.java
index cbd5b9bc86..4ae6ae502b 100644
--- a/libraries/effect/src/main/java/androidx/media3/effect/FinalShaderProgramWrapper.java
+++ b/libraries/effect/src/main/java/androidx/media3/effect/FinalShaderProgramWrapper.java
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  */
 package androidx.media3.effect;
 
+import static androidx.media3.common.VideoFrameProcessor.INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE;
 import static androidx.media3.common.util.Assertions.checkNotNull;
 import static androidx.media3.common.util.Assertions.checkState;
 
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.MonotonicNonNull;
   private final EGLContext eglContext;
   private final DebugViewProvider debugViewProvider;
   private final boolean sampleFromInputTexture;
-  private final boolean isInputTextureExternal;
+  private final @VideoFrameProcessor.InputType int inputType;
   private final ColorInfo inputColorInfo;
   private final ColorInfo outputColorInfo;
   private final boolean enableColorTransfers;
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.MonotonicNonNull;
       ColorInfo outputColorInfo,
       boolean enableColorTransfers,
       boolean sampleFromInputTexture,
-      boolean isInputTextureExternal,
+      @VideoFrameProcessor.InputType int inputType,
       boolean releaseFramesAutomatically,
       Executor videoFrameProcessorListenerExecutor,
       VideoFrameProcessor.Listener videoFrameProcessorListener,
@@ -128,7 +129,7 @@ import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.MonotonicNonNull;
     this.eglContext = eglContext;
     this.debugViewProvider = debugViewProvider;
     this.sampleFromInputTexture = sampleFromInputTexture;
-    this.isInputTextureExternal = isInputTextureExternal;
+    this.inputType = inputType;
     this.inputColorInfo = inputColorInfo;
     this.outputColorInfo = outputColorInfo;
     this.enableColorTransfers = enableColorTransfers;
@@ -456,7 +457,7 @@ import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.MonotonicNonNull;
     ImmutableList<GlMatrixTransformation> expandedMatrixTransformations =
         matrixTransformationListBuilder.build();
     if (sampleFromInputTexture) {
-      if (isInputTextureExternal) {
+      if (inputType == INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE) {
         defaultShaderProgram =
             DefaultShaderProgram.createWithExternalSampler(
                 context,
diff --git a/libraries/exoplayer/src/main/java/androidx/media3/exoplayer/video/MediaCodecVideoRenderer.java b/libraries/exoplayer/src/main/java/androidx/media3/exoplayer/video/MediaCodecVideoRenderer.java
index e6606429c2..6ec55dc694 100644
--- a/libraries/exoplayer/src/main/java/androidx/media3/exoplayer/video/MediaCodecVideoRenderer.java
+++ b/libraries/exoplayer/src/main/java/androidx/media3/exoplayer/video/MediaCodecVideoRenderer.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 package androidx.media3.exoplayer.video;
 
 import static android.view.Display.DEFAULT_DISPLAY;
+import static androidx.media3.common.VideoFrameProcessor.INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE;
 import static androidx.media3.common.util.Assertions.checkNotNull;
 import static androidx.media3.common.util.Assertions.checkState;
 import static androidx.media3.common.util.Assertions.checkStateNotNull;
@@ -2014,7 +2015,7 @@ public class MediaCodecVideoRenderer extends MediaCodecRenderer {
                     DebugViewProvider.NONE,
                     inputColorInfo,
                     outputColorInfo,
-                    /* isInputTextureExternal= */ true,
+                    INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE,
                     /* releaseFramesAutomatically= */ false,
                     /* executor= */ handler::post,
                     new VideoFrameProcessor.Listener() {
diff --git a/libraries/test_utils/src/main/java/androidx/media3/test/utils/VideoFrameProcessorTestRunner.java b/libraries/test_utils/src/main/java/androidx/media3/test/utils/VideoFrameProcessorTestRunner.java
index b5edf38b58..7ca8c84e92 100644
--- a/libraries/test_utils/src/main/java/androidx/media3/test/utils/VideoFrameProcessorTestRunner.java
+++ b/libraries/test_utils/src/main/java/androidx/media3/test/utils/VideoFrameProcessorTestRunner.java
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  */
 package androidx.media3.test.utils;
 
+import static androidx.media3.common.VideoFrameProcessor.INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE;
 import static androidx.media3.common.util.Assertions.checkNotNull;
 import static androidx.media3.common.util.Assertions.checkStateNotNull;
 import static androidx.media3.test.utils.BitmapPixelTestUtil.createArgb8888BitmapFromRgba8888Image;
@@ -65,13 +66,13 @@ public final class VideoFrameProcessorTestRunner {
     private float pixelWidthHeightRatio;
     private @MonotonicNonNull ColorInfo inputColorInfo;
     private @MonotonicNonNull ColorInfo outputColorInfo;
-    private boolean isInputTextureExternal;
+    private @VideoFrameProcessor.InputType int inputType;
     private OnOutputFrameAvailableListener onOutputFrameAvailableListener;
 
     /** Creates a new instance with default values. */
     public Builder() {
       pixelWidthHeightRatio = DEFAULT_PIXEL_WIDTH_HEIGHT_RATIO;
-      isInputTextureExternal = true;
+      inputType = INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE;
       onOutputFrameAvailableListener = unused -> {};
     }
 
@@ -191,11 +192,11 @@ public final class VideoFrameProcessorTestRunner {
      * Sets whether input comes from an external texture. See {@link
      * VideoFrameProcessor.Factory#create}.
      *
-     * <p>The default value is {@code true}.
+     * <p>The default value is {@link VideoFrameProcessor#INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE}.
      */
     @CanIgnoreReturnValue
-    public Builder setIsInputTextureExternal(boolean isInputTextureExternal) {
-      this.isInputTextureExternal = isInputTextureExternal;
+    public Builder setInputType(@VideoFrameProcessor.InputType int inputType) {
+      this.inputType = inputType;
       return this;
     }
 
@@ -225,7 +226,7 @@ public final class VideoFrameProcessorTestRunner {
           pixelWidthHeightRatio,
           inputColorInfo == null ? ColorInfo.SDR_BT709_LIMITED : inputColorInfo,
           outputColorInfo == null ? ColorInfo.SDR_BT709_LIMITED : outputColorInfo,
-          isInputTextureExternal,
+          inputType,
           onOutputFrameAvailableListener);
     }
   }
@@ -257,7 +258,7 @@ public final class VideoFrameProcessorTestRunner {
       float pixelWidthHeightRatio,
       ColorInfo inputColorInfo,
       ColorInfo outputColorInfo,
-      boolean isInputTextureExternal,
+      @VideoFrameProcessor.InputType int inputType,
       OnOutputFrameAvailableListener onOutputFrameAvailableListener)
       throws VideoFrameProcessingException {
     this.testId = testId;
@@ -274,7 +275,7 @@ public final class VideoFrameProcessorTestRunner {
             DebugViewProvider.NONE,
             inputColorInfo,
             outputColorInfo,
-            isInputTextureExternal,
+            inputType,
             /* releaseFramesAutomatically= */ true,
             MoreExecutors.directExecutor(),
             new VideoFrameProcessor.Listener() {
diff --git a/libraries/transformer/src/main/java/androidx/media3/transformer/VideoSamplePipeline.java b/libraries/transformer/src/main/java/androidx/media3/transformer/VideoSamplePipeline.java
index 7842a5a0c2..b48c85d6df 100644
--- a/libraries/transformer/src/main/java/androidx/media3/transformer/VideoSamplePipeline.java
+++ b/libraries/transformer/src/main/java/androidx/media3/transformer/VideoSamplePipeline.java
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 package androidx.media3.transformer;
 
 import static androidx.media3.common.ColorInfo.isTransferHdr;
+import static androidx.media3.common.VideoFrameProcessor.INPUT_TYPE_BITMAP;
+import static androidx.media3.common.VideoFrameProcessor.INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE;
 import static androidx.media3.common.util.Assertions.checkNotNull;
 import static androidx.media3.transformer.EncoderUtil.getSupportedEncodersForHdrEditing;
 import static androidx.media3.transformer.TransformationRequest.HDR_MODE_KEEP_HDR;
@@ -128,6 +130,9 @@ import org.checkerframework.dataflow.qual.Pure;
     if (presentation != null) {
       effectsWithPresentation.add(presentation);
     }
+    @VideoFrameProcessor.InputType
+    int inputType =
+        MimeTypes.isVideo(firstInputFormat.sampleMimeType) ? INPUT_TYPE_SURFACE : INPUT_TYPE_BITMAP;
     try {
       videoFrameProcessor =
           videoFrameProcessorFactory.create(
@@ -136,7 +141,7 @@ import org.checkerframework.dataflow.qual.Pure;
               debugViewProvider,
               videoFrameProcessorInputColor,
               videoFrameProcessorOutputColor,
-              MimeTypes.isVideo(firstInputFormat.sampleMimeType),
+              inputType,
               /* releaseFramesAutomatically= */ true,
               MoreExecutors.directExecutor(),
               new VideoFrameProcessor.Listener() {